Review and Analysis of Philippine Federalism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v9i3.3113Keywords:
federalism, government structure, Philippine readiness, knowledge structuresAbstract
This study was conducted to provide a comprehensive review of the structure, quality, operations, and readiness of a federalist government from the perspectives of various columnists and editorials. The study employed a descriptive design aimed at discussing a specific topic or issue under investigation. Qualitative content analysis was utilized to examine the diverse opinions of columnists and editorials on Federalism, gathered from thirty (30) news articles from three nationally circulated newspapers and research papers. The online-retrieved data were printed, read, and analyzed to grasp the depth of the concepts. The study highlighted that writers in national newspapers focus on key federalism themes like decentralization, service efficiency, operational clarity, and provincial readiness. These discussions aim to inform the national and international audience about the adoption of federalism as the Philippines' new governance system. Hence, it is concluded that writers in a nationally circulated newspaper in the Philippines discuss key aspects of federalism, including decentralization for increased autonomy, focus on service quality and efficiency, clear allocation of functions for governance efficiency, and provinces' readiness to embrace federalism, facilitating a smooth transition to this new form of government. Additionally, recommendations such as adopting federalism successfully in the Philippines, key strategies involving education campaigns, stakeholder engagement, and local capacity building to empower institutions for a well-informed transition are considered.
Metrics
References
Abebe, A. K., Dixon, R., & Ginsburg, T. (2022). Introduction to Comparative Constitutional Law in Africa. In Comparative Constitutional Law in Africa (pp. 1-14). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://www.elgaronline.com/edcollchap/book/9781839106897/book-part-9781839106897-6.xml
Afesha, N. (2022). Functional Domains of IGR Forums, House of Federation and Ministry of Peace in Ethiopia: The Need for Clarity. Mizan Law Review, 16(2), 305-338. https://doi.org/10.4314/mlr.v16i2.3
Amerikaner, J. (2021). Determinants of Fiscal Transparency and Right to Information Reforms: A Study of Provincial Governments in Argentina. The Journal of Civic Information, 3(4). https://doi.org/10.32473/joci.v3i4.130197
Ancho, I. V., Calimbahin, G. A. M., Rivera, J., & Tina, J. C. (2020). Education and the nation state: An analysis of Philippine presidential speeches. Jurnal Studi Pemerintahan, 63-78. https://doi.org/10.18196/jgp.111112
Arban, E. (2019). Metropolitan cities, federalism and socio-economic challenges. Rivista di diritti comparati, (1), 226-251. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3315781
Armanios, D. E., Lanahan, L., & Yu, D. (2020). Varieties of local government experimentation: US state-led technology-based economic development policies, 2000–2015. Academy of Management Discoveries, 6(2), 266-299. https://doi.org/10.5465/amd.2018.0014
Atienza, M. E. L. (2019). From Aquino II to Duterte (2010–2018): Change, Continuity–and Rupture, edited by Imelda Deinla and Björn Dressel. Philippine Political Science Journal, 40(3), 289-293. https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=RVe_DwAAQBAJ&dq=Atienza,+M.+E.+L.+(2019).+From+Aquino+II+to+Duterte+(2010%E2%80%932018):+Change,+Continuity%E2%80%93and+Rupture,+edited+by+Imelda+Deinla+and+Bj%C3%B6rn+Dressel.+Philippine+Political+Science+Journal,+40(3),+289-293.&lr=&source=gbs_navlinks_s
Baraggia, A., & Bonelli, M. (2022). Linking Money to Values: the new Rule of Law Conditionality Regulation and its constitutional challenges. German Law Journal, 23(2), 131-156. https://doi.org/10.1017/glj.2022.17
Birhan, A. T. (2024). Ethnic Identity and National Unity in Ethiopia: Challenges and Opportunities for Building National Consensus. Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 13(2), 40-47. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jpsir.20240702.12
Boroush, M. (2020). Research and Development: US Trends and International Comparisons. Science and Engineering Indicators 2020. NSB-2020-3. National Science Foundation. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED615506
Braid, Florangel Rosario. (2016, May 20J). Federalism 101. Manila Bulletin.
Canare, T. (2021). Decentralization and welfare: theory and an empirical analysis using Philippine data. Public sector economics, 45(1), 93-123. https://doi.org/10.3326/pse.45.1.3
Canare, T., & Francisco, J. P. (2019). Decentralization, fiscal independence, and poverty in the Philippines. Public Budgeting & Finance, 39(4), 94-117. https://doi.org/10.1111/pbaf.12241
Covo, M. (2021). One and Indivisible? Federation, Federalism, and Colonialism in the Early French and Haitian Revolutions. French Historical Studies, 44(3), 399-427. https://doi.org/10.1215/00161071-9004951
Cuenca, A. (2021). Proposing core practices for social studies teacher education: A qualitative content analysis of inquiry-based lessons. Journal of Teacher Education, 72(3), 298-313. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022487120948046
Da Silva, M. (2022). Federalism: Contemporary political philosophy issues. Philosophy Compass, 17(4), e12820. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12820
Dahlström, C., & Lapuente, V. (2022). Comparative bureaucratic politics. Annual Review of Political Science, 25(1), 43-63. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-polisci-051120-102543
Davies, G., & Wincott, D. (2021). Brexit, the press and the territorial constitution. Social & Legal Studies, 30(2), 157-179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0964663920921922
Duff, M., & Wohlstetter, P. (2019). Negotiating intergovernmental relations under ESSA. Educational Researcher, 48(5), 296-308. https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189X19854365
Franzosi, R. (2008). Content analysis: Objective, systematic, and quantitative description of content. Content analysis, 1(1), 21-49. https://sociologie.cuso.ch/fileadmin/sociologie/Content-Analysis---Introduction.pdf
Gagnon, A. G. (2021). Multinational federalism: Challenges, shortcomings and promises. Regional & Federal Studies, 31(1), 99-114. https://doi.org/10.1080/13597566.2020.1781097
Gienapp, J. (2021). Written Constitutionalism, Past and Present. Law and History Review, 39(2), 321-360. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0738248020000528
Granberg, M., Bosomworth, K., Moloney, S., Kristianssen, A. C., & Fünfgeld, H. (2019). Can regional-scale governance and planning support transformative adaptation? A study of two places. Sustainability, 11(24), 6978. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11246978
Guritno, D. C., Samudro, B. R., & Soesilo, A. M. (2019). The paradox of political dynasties of regeneration type and poverty in regional autonomy era. International Journal of Ethics and Systems, 35(2), 179-194. https://repofeb.undip.ac.id/1192/
He, B., Breen, M. G., & Allison-Reumann, L. (2023). Comparative Federalism in Asia: Democracy, Ethnicity and Religion. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003346784
Huberfeld, N., Gordon, S. H., & Jones, D. K. (2020). Federalism complicates the response to the COVID-19 health and economic crisis: What can be done?. Journal of health politics, policy and law, 45(6), 951-965. https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-8641493
Hutchcroft, P. D., & Gera, W. (2022). Strong-Arming, Weak Steering: Central-Local Relations in the Philippines in the Era of the Pandemic. Philippine Political Science Journal, 43(2), 123-167. https://brill.com/view/journals/ppsj/43/2/article-p123_2.xml
Iammarino, S., Rodriguez-Pose, A., & Storper, M. (2019). Regional inequality in Europe: evidence, theory and policy implications. Journal of economic geography, 19(2), 273-298. https://doi.org/10.1093/jeg/lby021
Inman, R. P., & Rubinfeld, D. L. (2020). Democratic federalism: The economics, politics, and law of federal governance. Princeton University Press. https://books.google.com.ph/books?hl=en&lr=&id=jqrNDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=Inman
Khatoon, H. (2023). The Dynamics of Federalism in Pakistan: An Examination of Political: Structures and Challenges. Al-Qamar, 131-140. https://doi.org/10.53762/alqamar.06.02.e10
Ladia, C. E. P. (2022). Contextualizing Duterte's Rhetoric: The Rhetorical Situation of President Rodrigo Duterte's Public Addresses on the Philippines' Federal Shift. Humanities Diliman, 19(1). https://openurl.ebsco.com/openurl?sid=ebsco:plink:scholar&id=ebsco:gcd:157940650&crl=c
Lamchek, J. S., & Radics, G. B. (2021). Dealing with the past or moving forward? Transitional justice, the Bangsamoro peace agreement and federalism in the Philippines. International Criminal Law Review, 21(5), 962-989. https://brill.com/view/journals/icla/21/5/article-p962_962.xml
Luyun, D., Mamauag, A., Gumabay, E. M., & Tindowen, D. J. (2021). The Realm of Federalism: appreciation to a prospective shift on the form of Philippine Government. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(1), 86-101. https://www.journals.sapienzaeditorial.com/index.php/SIJIS/index
Luyun, D., Mamauag, A., Gumabay, E. M., & Tindowen, D. J. (2021). The Realm of Federalism: appreciation to a prospective shift on the form of Philippine Government. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 2(1), 86-101. https://doi.org/10.51798/sijis.v2i1.24
McMurry, N. (2022). From recognition to integration: Indigenous autonomy, state authority, and national identity in the Philippines. American Political Science Review, 116(2), 547-563. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0003055421001039
Mittler, B. (2020). A newspaper for China?: power, identity, and change in Shanghai’s news media, 1872–1912 (Vol. 226). Brill. https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=eKTaDwAAQBAJ&printsec=copyright&source=gbs_pub_info_r
Montiel, C. J., & Uyheng, J. (2020). Mapping contentious collective emotions in a populist democracy: Duterte's push for Philippine federalism. Political Psychology, 41(4), 737-754. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/pops.12648
Montiel, C. J., Uyheng, J., & de Leon, N. (2022). Presidential profanity in duterte's Philippines: How swearing discursively constructs a populist regime. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 41(4), 428-449. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X211065780
Mueller, S. (2019). Federalism and the politics of shared rule. In A Research agenda for federalism studies (pp. 162-174). Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788112970.00018
Overeem, P. (2022). Not always at the helm: The Federalist and the modern dismissal of statesmanship. American Political Thought, 11(4), 467-492. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/721953
Panganiban, Artemio V. (2016, June 15). Federalism 101. Philippine Daily Inquirer.
Partelow, S., & Manlosa, A. O. (2023). Commoning the governance: a review of literature and the integration of power. Sustainability Science, 18(1), 265-283. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11625-022-01191-2#citeas
Pedrosa, Carmen N. (2016, June 23). Federalism and Duterte. Philippine Star. https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/05/31/1588742/federalism-what-filipinos-need-know
Popelier, P. (2024). Federalism and democracy: The Need for a Differentiated Approach. In Cooperative Federalism in South Asia and Europe (pp. 46-58). Routledge India. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/9781003461197-5/federalism-democracy-patricia-popelier
Quisumbing King, K. (2022). The Structural Sources of Ambiguity in the Modern State: Race, Empire, and Conflicts over Membership. American Journal of Sociology, 128(3), 768-819. https://doi.org/10.1086/722813
Rodiyah, R., Arifin, R., & Steven, S. (2020). Local Autonomy and Federalism: How Indonesia Deal with Democracy in the Global Governance?. Pandecta Research Law Journal, 15(2), 342-358. https://doi.org/10.15294/pandecta.v15i2.23268
Rodrigo, K. (2014). The Role of Judicial Review in the Anti-Corruption Agenda in the Philippines: The Case of the Pork Barrel System. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/record.jsf?pid=diva2%3A1482234&dswid=2096
Rosenbloom, D. H., Kravchuk, R. S., & Clerkin, R. M. (2022). Public administration: Understanding management, politics, and law in the public sector. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003198116
Ryan, E. (2019). Secession and federalism in the United States: Tools for managing regional conflict in a pluralist society. Claims for Secession and Federalism: A Comparative Study with a Special Focus on Spain, 7-61. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-59707-2_2
Sari, K., & Pranoto, B. E. (2021). Representation of Government Concerning the Draft of Criminal Code in The Jakarta Post: A Critical Discourse Analysis, 11(2), 98-113. http://ejournal.undip.ac.id/index.php/parole
Savage, G. C., & O’Connor, K. (2019). What’s the problem with ‘policy alignment’? The complexities of national reform in Australia’s federal system. Journal of Education policy, 34(6), 812-835. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680939.2018.1545050
Schapiro, R. A. (2020). States of inequality: Fiscal federalism, unequal states, and unequal people. Calif. L. Rev., 108, 1531. https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/calr108&div=41&id=&page=
Shair-Rosenfield, S. (2024). Decentralisation, intergovernmental coordination, and response to extreme events in Southeast Asia. Regional Studies, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1080/00343404.2024.2319716
Simon, B. U. T. T. (2019). The Indonesian Constitutional Court: Reconfiguring Decentralization for Better or Worse?. Asian Journal of Comparative Law, 14(1), 147-174. https://doi.org/10.1017/asjcl.2018.19
Skowronek, S., & Orren, K. (2020). The adaptability paradox: Constitutional resilience and principles of good government in twenty-first-century America. Perspectives on Politics, 18(2), 354-369. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1537592719002640
Tana, M. T. C. (2023). Duterte's Peace Legacy in Mindanao: Achievements, Challenges and Prospects. Southeast Asian Affairs, 254-267. https://www.proquest.com/openview/3950fb7a1d336c0a8196393d271ff603/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=26098
Tano, I. (2024). Comparative Analysis of Local Government Units in Southeast Asian Nations. Psychology and Education: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 24(5), 584-595. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13437435
Teehankee, J. C., & Calimbahin, C. A. A. (2020). Mapping the Philippines’ defective democracy. Asian Affairs: An American Review, 47(2), 97-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/00927678.2019.1702801
Tusalem, R. F. (2020). Imperial Manila: How institutions and political geography disadvantage Philippine provinces. Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 5(3), 235-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891119841441
Tusalem, R. F. (2020). Imperial Manila: How institutions and political geography disadvantage Philippine provinces. Asian Journal of Comparative Politics, 5(3), 235-269. https://doi.org/10.1177/2057891119841441
Uyheng, J., & Montiel, C. J. (2020). Cognitive polyphasia in a global south populist democracy: mapping social representations of Duterte’s regime in the Philippines. Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 8(1), 30-52. https://doi.org/10.5964/jspp.v8i1.1119
Valle-Cruz, D., Criado, J. I., Sandoval-Almazán, R., & Ruvalcaba-Gomez, E. A. (2020). Assessing the public policy-cycle framework in the age of artificial intelligence: From agenda-setting to policy evaluation. Government Information Quarterly, 37(4), 101509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2020.101509
Xu, Y., & Warner, M. E. (2022). Crowding out development: fiscal federalism after the Great Recession. Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space, 54(2), 311-329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0308518X211053643
Yimenu, B. (2024). Federalism and state restructuring in Africa: a comparative analysis of origins, rationales, and challenges. Publius: The Journal of Federalism, 54(1), 6-33. https://doi.org/10.1093/publius/pjad015
Yusingco, M. H. L., Mendoza, R. U., Mendoza, G. A. S., & Yap, J. (2023). A Philippine strongman's legislative and constitutional reforms legacy. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 42(1), 63-89. https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034221122265
Yusingco, M. H. L., Mendoza, R. U., Mendoza, G. A. S., & Yap, J. (2023). A Philippine strongman's legislative and constitutional reforms legacy. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 42(1), 63-89. https://doi.org/10.1177/18681034221122265
Yusingco, Michael Henry Ll. (2015). The Path to Federation. Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://opinion.inquirer.net/89917/the-path-to-federation
Yusingco, Michael Henry Ll. (2016). Federation: A Deeper Look. Philippine Daily Inquirer. https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/federalism-deeper-look-michael-henry-yusingco
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Andres Hinayas, Vicente Betarmos Jr., Leomarich Casinillo, Melbert Hungo
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Diversitas Journal expresses that the articles are the sole responsibility of the Authors, who are familiar with Brazilian and international legislation.
Articles are peer-reviewed and care should be taken to warn of the possible incidence of plagiarism. However, plagiarism is an indisputable action by the authors.
The violation of copyright is a crime, provided for in article 184 of the Brazilian Penal Code: “Art. 184 Violating copyright and related rights: Penalty - detention, from 3 (three) months to 1 (one) year, or fine. § 1 If the violation consists of total or partial reproduction, for the purpose of direct or indirect profit, by any means or process, of intellectual work, interpretation, performance or phonogram, without the express authorization of the author, the performer, the producer , as the case may be, or whoever represents them: Penalty - imprisonment, from 2 (two) to 4 (four) years, and a fine. ”
.png){kind=logo}
