Desenvolvimento e Validação de Aulas sobre Ecossistemas Integrando Abordagens de Aprendizagem Colaborativa, Ativa e Baseada na Investigação (CAI) para o 7.º Ano
Palavras-chave:
aprendizagem colaborativa, aprendizagem ativa, ensino de ciências baseado em investigação, alfabetização ambiental, validação de material instrucional, educação sobre ecossistemasResumo
Este estudo desenvolveu e validou um conjunto de aulas de Ciências para o 7º ano sobre temas relacionados aos ecossistemas, integrando estratégias de aprendizagem Colaborativa, Ativa e Baseada em Investigação (CAI), com o objetivo de aprimorar a compreensão conceitual, o engajamento e a alfabetização ambiental dos alunos. Ancorada no modelo ADDIE, a pesquisa utilizou um delineamento descritivo de desenvolvimento, envolvendo validação por especialistas com base na ferramenta LRMDS do Departamento de Educação (DepEd) e em uma rubrica de integração CAI, além de um teste piloto com 45 alunos. Os dados quantitativos foram analisados por meio de estatísticas descritivas, testes t pareados e o d de Cohen, enquanto os comentários qualitativos foram analisados tematicamente.
Os resultados revelaram que as aulas foram avaliadas como “Muito Evidentes” em termos de características CAI (M = 4,80) e de “Muito Satisfatórias” quanto à qualidade, segundo os especialistas. Os alunos também relataram altos níveis de engajamento, clareza e usabilidade. Os resultados do pós-teste demonstraram ganhos significativos nos quatro tópicos de ecossistemas, com tamanhos de efeito variando de 1,80 a 3,43 e um avanço geral de Baixo Domínio (48,3%) para Quase Domínio Total (86,0%).
As aulas validadas não apenas promoveram a compreensão científica, mas também estimularam a colaboração entre pares, o pensamento crítico e a consciência ecológica por meio de experiências de aprendizagem contextualizadas e centradas no aluno. Este estudo apresenta um modelo instrucional com base empírica que enfrenta desafios persistentes no ensino de Ciências nas Filipinas, ao integrar aprendizagem social e processos investigativos na abordagem de conteúdos ambientais. Oferece, ainda, uma proposta escalável e alinhada ao currículo para transformar salas de aula tradicionais em comunidades participativas de investigação.
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