Biocontrollers in the management of yam dry rot nematodes
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-journal-v6i1-1572Keywords:
Dioscoreaspp., Scutellonema bradys, Pratylenchus sp.Abstract
One of the main diseases affecting yam crops (Dioscorea spp.) in Brazil is the dry rot caused by Scutellonema bradys, Pratylenchus brachyurus and P. coffeae nematodes. The use of biological control agents is an auspicious procedure which has been tested in order to reduce losses by pathogens. The objective of this work was to evaluate the nematicidal activity in vitro and in vivo of commercial biological products on yam dry rot nematodes. Products based on Trichoderma harzianum (2.0 x 109 conidia mL-1) at dosages of 1.5 and 2.0 L 200 L-1 of water; Bacillus subtilis 20% - 1.0 x 1011 cfu g-1 + B. licheniformis 20% - 1.0 x 1011 cfu g-1 at 100 and 150 g 100 L-1; B. subtilis 200 g kg-1 + B. licheniformis 200 g kg-1 at 130 and 200 g 100 L-1; combination of rhizobacteria including Bacillus spp. and organic carbon at 5L and 7L 100 L-1; and the control (distilled water), were tested in in vitro assays on S. bradys or Pratylenchus sp. In experiments performed under greenhouse conditions, healthy seed tubers were planted in sterilized soil and thirty days later the soil was infested with a suspension of 1,000 specimens of a mixed population of S. bradys and P. coffeae. Then, after 30 days products based on B. subtilis 20% + B. licheniformis 20% - 150 g 100 L-1; T. harzianum 2 L 200 L-1 and rhizobacteria + organic carbon 7 L 100 L-1, at 100 mL per pot, were applied to the soil. Three months after planting, the percentage of sprouting of the seed tubers was evaluated and in the fifth month, the nematode population densities were determined. The sprouting of seed tubers was of 100% in all treatments. Bacillus subtilis 20% + B. licheniformis 20% and T. harzianum caused 89% and 61% mortality in S. bradys respectively, at the highest concentrations. In specimens of Pratylenchus sp., rhizobacteria + organic carbon exhibited 51% and 45% mortality at higher and lower concentrations, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions, B. subtilis 20% + B. licheniformis 20% and rhizobacteria + organic carbon were more effective in reducing nematode population densities, compared to the control.
Metrics
References
AGROFIT. Sistema de agrotóxicos fitossanitários. 2020. Available at:http://www.agrofit.com.br/novoportal. Accessed on: 01 Sept 2020
AL-HAZMI, A.S.; TARIQJAVEED, M. Effects of different inoculum densities of Trichoderma harzianumand Trichoderma virideagainst Meloidogyne javanicaon tomato. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, v. 23, n. 2, p. 288-292, 2016.
ALVES, G. C. et al. Avaliação in vitrodo efeito de rizobactérias sobre Meloidogyneincognita, M. javanicae Pratylenchus zeae. Revista Arquivos do Instituto Biológico,v. 78, n. 4, p. 557-564, 2011.
ARAÚJO, F. F.; MARCHESI, G. V. P. Uso de Bacillus subtilisno controle da meloidoginose e na promoção do crescimento do tomateiro. Ciência Rural, v. 39, n. 5, p. 1558-1561, 2009.
BRIDGE, J.; STARR, J. L.Yams (Dioscorea spp.). In: BRIDGE, J.;STARR, J. L.Plant nematodes of agricultural importance–a color handbook. London: Academic Press, 2007. p. 79-83.
COIMBRA, J. L.et al. Toxicidade de extratos vegetais a Scutellonema bradys. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 41, n. 7, p. 1209-1211, 2006.
COOLEN, W. A.; D’HERDE C. J. A method for the quantitative extraction of nematodes from plant tissue. Ghent, Belgium:State Agricultural Research Centre, 1972.
COYNE, D. L.; AFFOKPON, A. Nematode Parasites of Tropical Root and Tuber Crops. In: SIKORA, R. A.et al. Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture. 3 ed. Cambridge, UK: CABI, 2018.p. 252-289.
FAOSTAT-Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation Available at: <http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC>. Accessed on: 20 ago. 2020.
FERRAZ, S.et al. Manejo sustentável de fitonematoides.1 ed., Viçosa:Editora UFV, 2010.
GOLZARI, H. et al. Elucidating the parasitic capabilities of Trichoderma against Meloidogyne javanica on tomato. Insight Plant Disease,v. 1, n. 1, p. 12-19,2011.
GONZAGA, V. et al. Gênero Pratylenchus. In: OLIVEIRA, C. M.G.; SANTOS, M. A.; CASTRO, L. H. S. (Org.). Diagnose de fitonematoides. Campinas, SP: Milleniuum Editora, 2016. p. 71-98.
IBRAHIM, D. S. S. et al. Role of Trichodermaspp. in the management of plant-parasitic nematodes infesting important crops. In: ANSARY, R. A.; RIZVI, R.; MAHMOOD, I. (Eds.). Management of phytonematodes: recent advances and future challengs. Gateway East, Singapore:Springer, 2020. p. 259-278.
JENKINS, W.R. A rapid centrifugal-flotation technique for separating nematode from soil. Plant Disease Reporter, v. 48, n. 9, p. 692, 1964.
JINDAPUNNAPAT, K.; CHINNASRI, B.; KWANKUAE, S. Biological control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne enterolobii) in guava by the fungus Trichoderma harzianum. Journal of Developments in Sustainable Agriculture, v. 8, n. 2, p. 110-118, 2013.
LEBOT, V. Tropical root and tuber crops: cassava, sweet potato, yams, and aroids. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2009.
LIMA, R. S. et al. Extratos aquosos de Annonaspp. e Croton heliotropiifoliussobre Scutellonema bradyse prospecção química dos compostos. Summa Phytopathologica, v. 45, n. 2, p. 223-224, 2019.
MACHADO, A. P.; COSTA, M. J. N. Biocontrole do fitonematoide Pratylenchusbrachyurusin vitroe na soja em casa de vegetação por Bacillus subtilis. Revista Biociências, v. 23, n. 1, p. 83-94, 2017.
MAGALHÃES. I. C. S. Extrato aquoso de folhas de pinheira no manejo da casca-preta-do-inhame. 2020. Dissertação (Mestrado em Proteção de Plantas) –Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Rio Largo, 2020.
MAI, W. F.; MULLIN, P. G. Plant-parasitic nematodes: a pictorial key to genera.5th ed. New York: Cornell University, 1996.
MASCARIN, G.M.; BOMFIM JUNIOR, M.F.; ARAÚJO FILHO, J.V. Trichoderma harzianumreduces population of Meloidogyne incognita, in cucumber plants under greenhouse conditions. Journal Entomology and Nematology, v. 4, n. 6, p. 54-57, 2012.
MEYER, S. L. F. et al. Evaluation of Trichoderma virensand Bulkholderia cepaciafor antagonistic activity against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita. Nematology, v. 2, n. 8, p. 871-879, 2000.
MOURA, R. M. Doenças do inhame-da-costa. In: AMORIM, L.; REZENDE, J. A. M.; BERGAMIM FILHO, A.; CAMARGO, L.E.A.(Ed.). Manual de Fitopatologia–doenças das plantas cultivadas. 5.ed. Ouro Fino, MG: Agronômica Ceres, 2016. v. 2, p. 477-483.
NOBRE, S. A força da cultura do inhame em Alagoas. 2012. Available at: <http://www.sebrae.com.br/uf/alagoas/areas-de-atuacao/agronegocios/cultura-doinhame/integra_bia/ident_unico/4140>. Accessed on: 15 Sept.2020.
RIBEIRO, R. C. F. et al. Rizobactérias no controle de Meloidogyne javanica e mal do Panamá em bananeira. Nematropica, v. 42, n. 2, p. 218-226, 2012.
SAHEBANI, H.; HADAVI, N. Biological control the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica by Trichoderma harzianum. SoilBiology and Biochemistry, v. 40, n. 8, p. 2016-2020, 2008.
SANTOS, J. F. et al. Actinobacteria and organic fertilizers for management of the nematode Scutellonema bradysin yam plants. Revista Caatinga, v. 29, n. 3, p. 548-588, 2016.
SOUZA JUNIOR, I. T. et al. Biocontrole da queima-das-bainhas e do nematoide-das-galhas e promoção de crescimento de plantas de arroz por rizobactérias. Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira, v. 45, n. 11, p. 1259-1267, 2010.
STIRLING, G. R. Biological controlof plant parasitic nematodes:Progress, problems and prospects.Wallinford, UK: CAB International, 1991.
TORRES, C. A. R. Seleção de estirpes de Bacillus spp. e produtos comerciais para o biocontrole de Meloidogyne incognita em algodoeiro.2019. Dissertação (Mestrado em Fitopatologia)–Departamento de Fitopatologia do Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2019.
WEPUKHULU, M. et al. Effect of Bacillus subtilison bean nematodes in Kenya: A laboratory and green house experiment. International Journal of Academic Research and Development,v. 1, n. 8, p. 26-31, 2016.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2021 Cecilia Ramirez, Alverlan da Silva Araújo, Gilson Moura Filho, Fernando da Silva Rocha, Marylia Gabriella Silva Costa, Maria de Fatima Silva Muniz
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Diversitas Journal expresses that the articles are the sole responsibility of the Authors, who are familiar with Brazilian and international legislation.
Articles are peer-reviewed and care should be taken to warn of the possible incidence of plagiarism. However, plagiarism is an indisputable action by the authors.
The violation of copyright is a crime, provided for in article 184 of the Brazilian Penal Code: “Art. 184 Violating copyright and related rights: Penalty - detention, from 3 (three) months to 1 (one) year, or fine. § 1 If the violation consists of total or partial reproduction, for the purpose of direct or indirect profit, by any means or process, of intellectual work, interpretation, performance or phonogram, without the express authorization of the author, the performer, the producer , as the case may be, or whoever represents them: Penalty - imprisonment, from 2 (two) to 4 (four) years, and a fine. ”
.png){kind=logo}
