Gardnerella vaginalis in vaginal secretions present in quilombola women in the municipality of Bequimão-MA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v8i3.2626Keywords:
STIs, Gardnerella vaginalis, Bacterial vaginosisAbstract
The female reproductive system confers the form in which the vagina and cervix are organs that are considered complex and concentrate a considerable amount of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria of the natural vaginal microbiota. Gardnerella vaginalis plays a keys role in the development of bacterial vaginosis since the vagina is a suitable environment for its colonization, including by strictly anaerobic bacteria, which is associated with BV. Characterize the relationship between vaginal secretions and Gardnerella vaginalis infection in quilombola women. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study, about the population was formed by quilombola women between 15 and 75 years of age. The Data was collected based on the cytopathological examination request form, the interview was conducted and personal information and sociodemographic data were collected. From a total of 140 participants, 25% were positive for Gardnerella vaginalis. With respect to the age bracket between 31-45 years, there was a prevalence of 44.3%, p= 0.8344. Regarding marital status, the largest group was married women or stable unions with 75 members, and only 14 women (18.66%) are associated with Gardnerella vaginalis with p= 0.2843. Concerning the Amsel test, A Whiff's test and Cells test, p <0.0001 was found. The sociodemographic profile of the quilombola women, showed a higher frequency of women between the ages 31 to 45 years, who studied up to primary schools, who were married, non-alcoholic and non-smokers. Gardnerella vaginalis-related inflammation represented 25% of the exams performed.
Metrics
References
Agorastos, T., Chatzistamatiou, K., Katsamagkas, T., Koliopoulos, G., Daponte, A., Constantinidis, T., ... & HERMES Study Group. (2015). Primary screening for cervical cancer based on high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) detection and HPV 16 and HPV 18 genotyping, in comparison to cytology. PloS one, 10(3), e0119755.
Amaral, A. F., Araújo, E. S., Magalhães, J. C., Silveira, É. A., Tavares, S. B. D. N., & Amaral, R. G. (2014). Impacto da capacitação dos profissionais de saúde sobre o rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero em unidades básicas de saúde. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 36, 182-187.
Aragão, FBA, dos Santos, GRB, de Lobão, WJM, de Oliveira, AP, Monteiro, SG, Santos, LM, ... & Batista, JE (2019). Associação do perfil microbiológico com alterações citológicas em mulheres quilombolas atendidas em unidades básicas de saúde.Medicina (Ribeirão Preto) , 52 (4), 311-318.
Boyanova, Lyudmila et al. Gardnerella vaginalis in urinary tract infections, are men spared?. Anaerobe, v. 72, p. 102438, 2021.
Bagnall, P., & Rizzolo, D. (2017). Bacterial vaginosis: A practical review. Journal of the American Academy of PAs, 30(12), 15-21.
Bitew, A., Abebaw, Y., Bekele, D., & Mihret, A. (2017). Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and associated risk factors among women complaining of genital tract infection. International Journal of Microbiology, 2017.
Chávez, N., Molina, H., Sánche, J., Gelaye, B., & Sánchez, S. E. (2009). Duchas vaginales y otros riesgos de vaginosis bacteriana. Revista peruana de medicina experimental y salud pública, 26(3), 299-306.
Castro, Joana et al. Gardnerella vaginalis enhances Atopobium vaginae viability in an in vitro model. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, v. 10, p. 83, 2020.
Fethers, K. A., Fairley, C. K., Morton, A., Hocking, J. S., Hopkins, C., Kennedy, L. J., ... & Bradshaw, C. S. (2009). Early sexual experiences and risk factors for bacterial vaginosis. The Journal of infectious diseases, 200(11), 1662-1670.
Fonseca, A. J. D., Ferreira, L. P., Dalla-Benetta, A. C., Roldan, C. N., & Ferreira, M. L. S. (2010). Epidemiologia e impacto econômico do câncer de colo de útero no Estado de Roraima: a perspectiva do SUS. Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, 32, 386-392.
Forsum, U., Holst, E., Larsson, P. G., Vasquez, A., Jakobsson, T., & Mattsby‐Baltzer, I. (2005). Bacterial vaginosis–a microbiological and immunological enigma. Apmis, 113(2), 81-90.
Graves, K., Ghosh, A. P., Kissinger, P. J., & Muzny, C. A. (2019). Trichomonas vaginalis virus: a review of the literature. International journal of STD & AIDS, 30(5), 496-504.
Hernández, J. A. S., García, L. L. C., González, E. V., Gordillo, L. V., & Tapia, J. A. R. (2007). Diagnóstico clínico, de laboratorio y tratamiento de la vaginosis por Gardnerella vaginilis. Universitas médica, 48(4), 382-395.
Janulaitiene, M., Paliulyte, V., Grinceviciene, S., Zakareviciene, J., Vladisauskiene, A., Marcinkute, A., & Pleckaityte, M. (2017). Prevalence and distribution of Gardnerella vaginalis subgroups in women with and without bacterial vaginosis. BMC infectious diseases, 17, 1-9.
Jespers, V., Crucitti, T., Menten, J., Verhelst, R., Mwaura, M., Mandaliya, K., ... & Vaginal Biomarkers Study Group. (2014). Prevalence and correlates of bacterial vaginosis in different sub-populations of women in sub-Saharan Africa: a cross-sectional study. PloS one, 9(10), e109670.
Kim, J. M., & Park, Y. J. (2017). Probiotics in the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal vaginal infections. Journal of Menopausal Medicine, 23(3), 139-145.
Linhares, I. M., Giraldo, P. C., & Baracat, E. C. (2010). Novos conhecimentos sobre a flora bacteriana vaginal. Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira, 56, 370-374.
McNeil, CJ, Tan, A., Powell, JA, Pontius, A., Lewis, A., Myler, N., & Schwwebke, JR (2022). Avaliando a eficácia da erradicação da colonização vaginal de Gardnerella vaginalis com amoxicilina: um estudo randomizado, duplo-cego, de fase 2. Doenças sexualmente transmissíveis , 49 (2), 133–138.
Mitra A, MacIntyre DA, Marchesi, JR, Lee YS, Bennett PR, Kyrgiou M. A microbiota vaginal (2016) a infecção pelo papilomavírus humano e neoplasia intraepitelial cervical: o que sabemos e para onde vamos a seguir? Microbioma.
Morrill, Sydney; GILBERT, Nicole M.; LEWIS, Amanda L. Gardnerella vaginalis as a cause of bacterial vaginosis: appraisal of the evidence from in vivo models. Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, v. 10, p. 168, 2020.
Neto P. G.S.G. Vaginose bacteriana por Gardnerella vaginalis. Monografia (Pós graduação “Lato Sensu” em Citologia Clínica). Universidade Paulista e Centro de Consultoria Educacional, Recife- PE, 2011.
O'Hanlon, D. E., Moench, T. R., & Cone, R. A. (2011). In vaginal fluid, bacteria associated with bacterial vaginosis can be suppressed with lactic acid but not hydrogen peroxide. BMC infectious diseases, 11(1), 1-8.
Oliveira LMA. Diversidade bacteriana e determinação da carga de Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobiumvagina e, Mobiluncus spp., Mycoplasmahominis e Lactobacillus spp. em amostras de secreção vaginal de mulheres com e sem diagnóstico clínico de vaginose bacteriana. 2014. 107 f. Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora. Juiz de Fora, 2014.
Santana, Jean Railan et al. Prevalência de Gardnerella vaginalis em mulheres atendidas em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde no município de Macapá-AP. Pubsaúde,[SL], v. 5, p. 1-6, 2021.
Silva, D. S. M. D., Silva, A. M. N., Brito, L. M. O., Gomes, S. R. L., Nascimento, M. D. D. S. B., & Chein, M. B. D. C. (2014). Rastreamento do câncer do colo do útero no Estado do Maranhão, Brasil. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 19, 1163-1170.
Soares MC, Mishima SM, Silva RC, Ribeiro CV, Meincke SMK, Corrêa ACL. (2011) Câncer de colo uterino: atenção integral à mulher nos serviços de saúde. Revista Gaúcha Enfermagem.
Sobel, J. D., Subramanian, C., Foxman, B., Fairfax, M., & Gygax, S. E. (2013). Mixed vaginitis—more than coinfection and with therapeutic implications. Current infectious disease reports, 15, 104-108.
Swidsinski, A., Doerffel, Y., Loening-Baucke, V., Swidsinski, S., Verstraelen, H., Vaneechoutte, M., ... & Mendling, W. (2010). Gardnerella biofilm involves females and males and is transmitted sexually. Gynecologic and obstetric investigation, 70(4), 256-263.
Teixeira, P. M. (2018). Prevalência e fatores associados à vaginose bacteriana em mulheres atendidas pelo SUS no município de Ouro Preto/MG.
Verstraelen, H., & Swidsinski, A. (2013). The biofilm in bacterial vaginosis: implications for epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment. Current opinion in infectious diseases, 26(1), 86-89.
Vodstrcil L.A, Hocking JS, Law M, Walker S, Tabrizi SN, Fairley CK, et al. A contracepção hormonal está associada a um risco reduzido de vaginose bacteriana: uma revisão sistemática e meta-análise.PLoS ONE. 2013;8(9):e73055.
Wessels, D., Lusche, D. F., Voss, E., Kuhl, S., Buchele, E. C., Klemme, M. R., ... & Soll, D. R. (2017). Melanoma cells undergo aggressive coalescence in a 3D Matrigel model that is repressed by anti-CD44. PloS one, 12(3), e0173400.
Xavier, M. P., de Carvalho, T. A., do Vale, B. N., & Boas, A. F. V. (2017). Incidência de Alterações da Microbiota (Vaginose) por Gardnerella vaginalis em Mulheres Sexualmente Ativas. Revista Eletrônica de Ciências Humanas, Saúde e Tecnologia, 1(11), 13-27.
Yang, S., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, J., Chen, S., & Li, S. (2017). Clinical significance and characteristic clinical differences of cytolytic vaginosis in recurrent vulvovaginitis. Gynecologic and obstetric investigation, 82(2), 137-143
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Francisca Bruna Arruda Aragão, William Dutra Texeira , Carlos Eduardo Mendonça Batista, Graciomar Conceição Costa, Francisco Bruno da Silva Aragão, Denise Alves Santos, Neemias Costa Duarte Neto, José Eduardo Batista
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Diversitas Journal expresses that the articles are the sole responsibility of the Authors, who are familiar with Brazilian and international legislation.
Articles are peer-reviewed and care should be taken to warn of the possible incidence of plagiarism. However, plagiarism is an indisputable action by the authors.
The violation of copyright is a crime, provided for in article 184 of the Brazilian Penal Code: “Art. 184 Violating copyright and related rights: Penalty - detention, from 3 (three) months to 1 (one) year, or fine. § 1 If the violation consists of total or partial reproduction, for the purpose of direct or indirect profit, by any means or process, of intellectual work, interpretation, performance or phonogram, without the express authorization of the author, the performer, the producer , as the case may be, or whoever represents them: Penalty - imprisonment, from 2 (two) to 4 (four) years, and a fine. ”