Rituals of separation:
Family members' narratives about burial in death by COVID-19
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v9i1.2701Keywords:
Mental Health Care, COVID-19, Mourning, Funeral Rites, BurialAbstract
The funeral rituals are considered social and psychic organizers for the experience of farewell, and important for the elaboration of meaning for the loss and resolution of mourning, and thus, needed some reconfiguration during the pandemicThis study aims to analyze the narrative of family members about burial in death by COVID-19. This is a qualitative, descriptive and analytical research. Data collection occurred between October 2020 to July 2021 in the municipalities of Maranhão: Imperatriz, Lago da Pedra, Zé Doca and São Luís. For qualitative data analysis, we used the thematic content analysis proposed by Minayo and the Theory of Social Representations addressed by Serge Moscovici. The sample was composed of 13 interviewees. Through the empirical analysis of the data it can be seen that the monetary value of the coffin is important to the family, as an external or concrete record of the importance of the deceased. The presence of only family members is not enough to bury the deceased, with the need for other people; moreover, not touching the dead body produces feelings of pain and sorrow. The separation rituals have undergone transformations to adapt to this new scenario, but they are still experienced to express and process the mourning. The rapid clinical evolution of the disease does not accompany the psychic time of the family member to process the loss, generating intense suffering. It was possible to understand the new forms of mourning experienced in this pandemic, contributing to systematize the performance of mental health professionals for a better understanding of psychological suffering.
Metrics
References
Arango, C. (2020). Lessons Learned From the Coronavirus Health Crisis in Madrid, Spain: How COVID-19 Has Changed Our Lives in the Last 2 Weeks. Biological Psychiatry, 88(7), e33–e34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.04.003
Ariès, P. (2017). História da morte no Ocidente: da idade média aos. Nova Fronteira. https://scholar.google.com.br/scholar?hl=pt-BR&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Hist%C3%B3ria+da+morte+no+Ocidente%3A+da+idade+m%C3%A9dia+aos+nossos+tempos&btnG=
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. (2020). Manejo de corpos no contexto da doença causada pelo coronavírus SarS-CoV-2. http://www.bvsms.saude.gov.br.
BRASIL. Ministério da Saúde. (2021, May 11). Coronavírus Brasil. https://covid.saude.gov.br/
Cardoso, É. A. de O., da Silva, B. C. de A., Dos Santos, J. H., Lotério, L. D. S., Accoroni, A. G., & Dos Santos, M. A. (2020). The effect of suppressing funeral rituals during the COVID-19 pandemic on bereaved families. Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, 28, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1590/1518-8345.4519.3361
Correia, D. S., Taveira, M. das G. M. M., Marques, A. M. V. F. A., Chagas, R. R. S., Castro, C. F., & Cavalcanti, S. L. (2020). Percepção e Vivência da Morte de Estudante de Medicina durante a Graduação. Revista Brasileira de Educação Médica, 44(1), e013. https://doi.org/10.1590/1981-5271V44.1-20190200
FUNDAÇÃO OSWALDO CRUZ (Fiocruz). (2020). Saúde mental e atenção psicossocial na pandemia COVID-19: processo de luto no contexto da COVID-19. https://biblioteca.cl.df.gov.br/dspace/bitstream/123456789/516/1/Sa%c3%bade-Mental-e-Aten%c3%a7%c3%a3o-Psicossocial-na-Pandemia-COVID-19-processo-de-luto-no-contexto-da-COVID-19.pdf
Hortegas, M. G., & Santos, C. C. dos. (2020). COVID-19 E O LUTO: SEM PODER DIZER O ÚLTIMO ADEUS. Revista Transformar, 14(2), 119–127. http://www.fsj.edu.br/transformar/index.php/transformar/article/view/382
Leroy, H., Freitas, A., Santos, C., De Paula, M., & Mamani, S. (2021). Morte, ritos fúnebres e luto na pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil. Revista NUPEM, 13(30), 214–234. https://doi.org/10.33871/NUPEM.2021.13.30.214-234
Lipovetsky, G. (2009). O império do efêmero: A moda e seu destino nas sociedades modernas - Gilles Lipovetsky - Google Livros (A. Moretto & R. P. Rodrigues, Eds.; SCHWARCZ LTDA). https://books.google.com.br/books?hl=pt-BR&lr=&id=SB2_CwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT2&dq=O+imp%C3%A9rio+do+ef%C3%AAmero:+a+moda+e+seu+destino+nas+sociedades+modernas.+&ots=hwzT2YrkfM&sig=cZj7IFUZVT1cBq2bqwfvDdCKEUA#v=onepage&q=O%20imp%C3%A9rio%20do%20ef%C3%AAmero%3A%20a%20moda%20e%20seu%20destino%20nas%20sociedades%20modernas.&f=false
Lisbôa, M. L., & Crepaldi, M. A. (2003). Ritual de despedida em familiares de pacientes com prognóstico reservado. Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto), 13(25), 97–109. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-863X2003000200009
Moscovici, S. (2015). Representações sociais: investigações em psicologia social. Vozes. http://www.vozes.com.brRodrigues, J. C. (2017). Tabu da morte - José Carlos Rodrigues (2nd ed.). FioCruz. https://books.google.com.br/books?hl=pt-BR&lr=&id=uRf0AgAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA11&dq=Tabu+da+morte&ots=t7gbPe9NlR&sig=86jZ0WHKO4lAKMOT-dbm9zGwzjg#v=onepage&q=Tabu%20da%20morte&f=false
Scanlon, J., & McMahon, T. (2011). Dealing with mass death in disasters and pandemics: Some key differences but many similarities. Disaster Prevention and Management: An International Journal, 20(2), 172–185. https://doi.org/10.1108/09653561111126102/FULL/XML
Schmitt, J. (2010). Mortes vitorianas: corpos, luto e vestuário. (1st ed.). Alameda Editorial. https://scholar.google.com.br/scholar?hl=pt-BR&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Mortes+vitorianas%3A+corpos%2C+luto+e+vestu%C3%A1rio.&btnG=
Simpson, N., Angland, M., Bhogal, J. K., Bowers, R. E., Cannell, F., Gardner, K., Gheewala Lohiya, A., James, D., Jivraj, N., Koch, I., Laws, M., Lipton, J., Long, N. J., Vieira, J., Watt, C., Whittle, C., Zidaru-Brbulescu, T., & Bear, L. (2021). ‘Good’ and ‘Bad’ deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from a rapid qualitative study. BMJ Global Health, 6(6), e005509. https://doi.org/10.1136/BMJGH-2021-005509
Taylor, S. (2022). The psychology of pandemics: preparing for the next global outbreak of infectious disease. 158.
Umakanthan, S., Sahu, P., Ranade, A. V., Bukelo, M. M., Rao, J. S., Abrahao-Machado, L. F., Dahal, S., Kumar, H., & Kv, D. (2020). Origin, transmission, diagnosis and management of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Postgraduate Medical Journal, 96(1142), 753–758. https://doi.org/10.1136/POSTGRADMEDJ-2020-138234
Victor, G. S., & Ahmed, S. (2019). The Importance of Culture in Managing Mental Health Response to Pandemics. Psychiatry of Pandemics: A Mental Health Response to Infection Outbreak, 55–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-15346-5_5/COVER
Walker, P. G. T., Whittaker, C., Watson, O. J., Baguelin, M., Winskill, P., Hamlet, A., Djafaara, B. A., Cucunubá, Z., Mesa, D. O., Green, W., Thompson, H., Nayagam, S., Ainslie, K. E. C., Bhatia, S., Bhatt, S., Boonyasiri, A., Boyd, O., Brazeau, N. F., Cattarino, L., ... Ghani, A. C. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 and strategies for mitigation and suppression in low- And middle-income countries. Science, 369(6502), 413–422. https://doi.org/10.1126/SCIENCE.ABC0035/SUPPL_FILE/ABC0035_WALKER_SM.PDF
Wallace, C. L., Wladkowski, S. P., Gibson, A., & White, P. (2020). Grief During the COVID-19Pandemic: Considerations for Palliative Care Providers. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 60(1), e70–e76. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPAINSYMMAN.2020.04.012
Worden, W. J. (2018). Grief counseling and grief therapy: A handbook for the mental health practitioner. In Death Studies (Vol. 23, Issue 8). Springer Publishing Company. https://doi.org/10.1080/074811899200731
World Health Organization. (2021a). Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard . https://covid19.who.int/World Health Organization. (2021b). Folha informativa sobre COVID-19 - OPAS/OMS | Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde. https://www.paho.org/pt/covid19
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Neemias Costa Duarte Neto, Marcos Antônio Barbosa Pacheco, Déborah Adriane Pinheiro Trindade, Flor de Maria Araújo Mendonça Silva, José Márcio Soares Leite , Marenilde Alves de Souza Melo, Francisca Bruna Arruda Aragão, Cristina Maria Douat Loyola
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Diversitas Journal expresses that the articles are the sole responsibility of the Authors, who are familiar with Brazilian and international legislation.
Articles are peer-reviewed and care should be taken to warn of the possible incidence of plagiarism. However, plagiarism is an indisputable action by the authors.
The violation of copyright is a crime, provided for in article 184 of the Brazilian Penal Code: “Art. 184 Violating copyright and related rights: Penalty - detention, from 3 (three) months to 1 (one) year, or fine. § 1 If the violation consists of total or partial reproduction, for the purpose of direct or indirect profit, by any means or process, of intellectual work, interpretation, performance or phonogram, without the express authorization of the author, the performer, the producer , as the case may be, or whoever represents them: Penalty - imprisonment, from 2 (two) to 4 (four) years, and a fine. ”
.png){kind=logo}
