Evaluating the Impact of an Extension-Based Capability Enhancement Program on Teachers’ Professional Growth and Action Research Perspectives

Authors

  • Anthony Alimonsurin Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial State College of Agriculture and Technology (DEBESMSCAT), Campus. Masbate, Philippines https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3718-6641
  • Dennis Corlet Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial Sate College of Agriculture Technology – Mandaon Campus. Masbate, Philippines. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4427-1481

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v10i3.3454

Keywords:

Action Research,, Capability Enhancement Program, Extension Project, Educational Research Challenges, Theory of Change

Abstract

This study assessed the impact of a capability building extension project initiated by a teacher education institute in the Bicol Region, Philippines, for an elementary school in the same region. It examined the program’s effectiveness in enhancing teachers’ competencies in conducting action research. Fourteen respondents participated in the study. Using a concurrent mixed-methods approach, data were collected through surveys, interviews, documentary analysis, and focus group discussions. Quantitative data were analyzed using weighted means and frequency distributions, while qualitative data were interpreted through thematic analysis. The Theory of Change served as the guiding framework for evaluating the outcomes of the extension initiative. Findings indicated that while the participants generally held a positive perception of the program, it did not fully achieve its intended objectives. Many teachers remained hesitant or unable to engage in action research, with several failing to propose, conduct, implement, or publish research papers. A key challenge identified was the lack of time, which impeded their ability to complete research-related activities. These findings emphasize the need for the teacher education institute to strengthen its extension services by increasing contact hours and providing sustained support through to the publication stage, thereby encouraging consistent research engagement and improving overall outcomes.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Anthony Alimonsurin, Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial State College of Agriculture and Technology (DEBESMSCAT), Campus. Masbate, Philippines

0000-0001-3718-6641; Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial Sate College of Agriculture Technology – Cawayan Campus. Masbate, Philippines. avalimonsurin@debesmscat.edu.ph 

Dennis Corlet, Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial Sate College of Agriculture Technology – Mandaon Campus. Masbate, Philippines.

0000-0002-4427-1481; Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial Sate College of Agriculture Technology – Mandaon Campus. Masbate, Philippines. dgcorlet@debesmscat.edu.ph

References

Abelardo, L. J., Lomboy, M. A. A., Lopez, C. C., Balaria, F. E., & Subia, G. S. (2019). Challenges encountered by the national high school teachers in doing action research. International Journal of English Literature and Social Sciences (IJELS), 4(4). https://doi.org/10.22161/ijels.4418journal-repository.com+1IJELS+1

Abrenica, J. T., & Cascolan, H. M. S. (2022). Impact of action research in education: Experiences and challenges faced by teachers. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 5(2). http://doi.org/10.37502/IJSMR.2022.5201IJSMR

Anderson, A. A. (2005). The community builder's approach to Theory of Change: A practical guide to theory development. The Aspen Institute.

Beijaard, D., & Meijer, P. C. (2017). Developing the Personal and Professional in Making a Teacher Identity. In J. D. Clandinin & J. Husu (Eds.), The SAGE Handbook of Research on Teacher Education (Vol. 1, pp. 177-192). SAGE Publications.

Berenguel, D., & Villamor, E. (2023). Assessing the teachers’ experiences in action research based on SWOT analysis. West African Journal of Educational Sciences and Practice, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.57040/wajesp.v2i1.381journals.jozacpublishers.com

Bullo, M. M., Labastida, R. T., & Manlapas, C. C. (2021). Challenges and difficulties encountered by teachers in the conduct of educational research: Basis for teachers’ enhancement program. International Journal of Research Studies in Education, 10(13), 67-75. https://doi.org/10.5861/ijrse.2021.a044Consortia Academia

Caabas, D. G. T., Diaz, F. D., Luna, A. L. D., Borris, J. J., Borris, J. J., Dadule, J. A. G. F., Saac, D. K. M., Pentang, J. T., Dangkulos, T. G., & Bitangcol, R. I. S. (2024). Self-efficacy, productivity, and challenges in conducting action research among public school teachers. Education Digest, 19(1), 16-24.

Connell, J. P., & Kubisch, A. C. (1998). Applying a theory of change approach to the evaluation of comprehensive community initiatives: Progress, prospects, and problems. Aspen Institute.

De Borja, J. M. A. (2018). Teacher action research: Its difficulties and implications. Humanities & Social Science Reviews, 6(1), 29–35. https://doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2018.616

Delaney, J., & Devereux, P. J. (2022). Rank Effects in Education: What Do We Know So Far? CEPR Discussion Paper No. DP17090. Retrieved from https://ssrn.com/abstract=4069898

Department of Education Order No. 16, S. 2017. Research Management Guidelines.

Enerio, A. T. (2020). Master teachers' challenges in doing action research: A case study. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(7), 2990-2995. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080727ResearchGate+1ResearchGate+1

Funnell, S. C., & Rogers, P. J. (2011). Purposeful program theory: Effective use of theories of change and logic models. John Wiley & Sons.

Giel, L., & Nolen, P. (2016). Refining theories of change: A practical guide for program evaluators. Evaluation Journal, 22(3), 45-60.

Gutierez, S. B. (2016). Teachers’ reflective practice in lesson study: A tool for improving instructional practice. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 44(1), 79-93.

Hine, G. S. C. (2013). The importance of action research in teacher education programs. Issues in Educational Research, 23(2), 151-163.

Hong, C. E., & Lawrence, S. A. (2011). Action Research in Teacher Education: Classroom Inquiry, Reflection, and Data-Driven Decision Making. Journal of Inquiry and Action in Education, 4(2).

James, C. (2011). Theory of change: A guide for planning and evaluation. The Evaluation Exchange, 16(1), 12-14.

Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., & Nixon, R. (2014). The Action Research Planner: Doing Critical Participatory Action Research. Springer.

Mayne, J. (2015). Useful theory of change models. Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation, 30(2), 155-173.

McNiff, J. (2017). Action Research: All You Need to Know. Sage Publications.

Mertler, C. A. (2021). Action Research as Teacher Inquiry: A Viable Strategy for Resolving Problems of Practice. Practical Assessment, Research, and Evaluation, 26(19).

Mockler, N., & Sachs, J. (2011). Rethinking Educational Practice Through Reflexive Inquiry: Essays in Honour of Susan Groundwater-Smith. Springer.

Morales, M. P. E. (2016). Participatory Action Research (PAR) in Teacher Professional Development: Fostering Reflective Practice and Enhancing Teacher Quality. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 2(1), 156-165.

Nicolas, M. U., Jr., Ignacio, S. S., & Bautista, R. G. (2023). Action research attitude of teacher-researchers in a schools-district in Quirino Province, Philippines. International Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities (IJSSH), 8(2), 106–117. https://doi.org/10.58885/ijssh.v08i2.106.mnIJSSH

Saboya, R. D. (2024). Teachers’ anxiety and challenges in writing action research in basic education: Input for an enhancement training program. Azal Arts and Humanities, 1(2), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.55687/aah.v1i2.86azalpub.com

Stenhouse, L. (1975). An Introduction to Curriculum Research and Development. Heinemann.

Stein, D., & Valters, C. (2012). Understanding theory of change in international development. Justice and Security Research Programme, London School of Economics.

Stringer, E. T. (2014). Action Research. Sage Publications.

Taylor, E. W. (1998). The Theory and Practice of Transformative Learning: A Critical Review. ERIC Clearinghouse on Adult, Career, and Vocational Education.

Taghap, D. O., & Boyonas, M. N. M. S. (2023). Teachers’ and school heads’ engagement in action research: Needs and administrative support. Asia Pacific Journal of Advanced Education and Technology. https://doi.org/10.54476/apjaet/08488Apjaet

Timperley, H. (2008). Teacher Professional Learning and Development. Educational Practices Series, International Bureau of Education

Tindowen, D. J., Guzman, J., & Macanang, D. (2019). Teachers' Conception and Difficulties in Doing Action Research. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 7(8), 1787-1794.

Tingabngab, M. F. V., & Binayao, B. S. (2023). Challenges faced by the public elementary school teachers in conducting action research. Teacher Education and Curriculum Studies, 8(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.tecs.20230801.13Science Publishing Group

Valdez, P. N., & Lapinid, M. R. (2015). Constraints of math teachers in conducting action research in the Philippines: Rights analysis. Malaysian Journal of Learning and Instruction, 12, 1–19. https://doi.org/10.32890/mjli2015.12.1UUM E-Journal

Vogel, I. (2012). Review of the use of ‘Theory of Change’ in international development. UK Department for International Development (DFID).

Weiss, C. H. (1995). Nothing as practical as good theory: Exploring theory-based evaluation for comprehensive community initiatives for children and families. In J. Connell et al. (Eds.), New approaches to evaluating community initiatives: Concepts, methods, and contexts (pp. 65-92). Aspen Institute.

Downloads

Published

2025-10-02

How to Cite

Alimonsurin, A., & Corlet, D. (2025). Evaluating the Impact of an Extension-Based Capability Enhancement Program on Teachers’ Professional Growth and Action Research Perspectives. Diversitas Journal, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v10i3.3454