Obstacles in the implementation of evidence-based practice (EBP) in nursing: an integrative review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v7i1.1491Abstract
Florence Nightingale, a pioneer in executing evidence-based practice (PBE), which is an approach inserted in the Health Sciences that associates the best scientific evidence with clinical experience and the patient's choice for effective clinical decision making, enabling the higher education and quality nursing practice. The objective is to investigate what are the main obstacles in the implementation of evidence-based practice - EBP in nursing. It is an integrative literature review. Data collection was carried out from April to July 2020, in the PubMed (US National Library of Medicine) and SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) databases. For the search strategy, Health Science Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) were used. Using the Boolean operators “and / or”, in the different crossings of the pre-defined languages. Manual counting, that is, absolute frequency of similar terms, was used as a strategy for the synthesis of the studies, organizing the results in categories. Seven primary studies that met the inclusion criteria, and made up this integrative review. As for the temporal distribution of research, it is observed that there is no linear trend pattern, with a greater concentration of 57.14% in 2018. Regarding the methodological design of the sample, qualitative studies stood out 35.71%. The scientific basis of PBE, ensures that care is changeable and dynamic. Although nurses have attitudes favorable to EBP and believe that research contributes to the advancement of Nursing, this practice is still limited due to the obstacles: work overload; nurses do not want to change the care practice and do not understand the design of the EBP. More support and resources from higher education institutions in nursing at undergraduate and graduate levels and therapeutic units are needed, so that students and nursing professionals can perform EBP on a daily basis. The results presented here can support the development of pilot studies for the implementation of Evidence-Based Practice among nurses.
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References
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