Job satisfaction and intention to stay among selected private school teachers: implication to educational policy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v9i2.3035Keywords:
Education management, teachers’ well-being, teachers’ retention, private schools, PhilippinesAbstract
Job satisfaction is a very crucial correlate for a teacher to stay in their current teaching assignment. This study looks into the significant factors of job satisfaction and intention to stay of teachers in a private school. In addition, the study also aims to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and intention to stay of private teachers. Using a complete enumeration process, 34 private teachers were interviewed and primary data were collected from them. Necessary statistical measures were employed to describe the data collected and the Chi-square test for association was used to determine the relationship between the factors of satisfaction and intention to stay. Results indicated that most of the private teachers are just moderately satisfied with their current job and about 55.88% of them are not willing to stay in their job. This implies that working in a private institution is challenging and does not have enough economic security. This Chi-square test revealed that job satisfaction of private teachers is influenced by their civil status (p-value=0.100) and employment status (p-value=0.100). Additionally, the factors that influence their willingness to stay are their age (p-value=0.100) and employment status (p-value=0.052). The study suggests that teachers must be given incentives and the right compensation to increase their satisfaction and intention to stay in a private school.
Metrics
References
Agbator, G. I., & Olori, W. O. (2020). Employee demographic factors and intention to stay in maritime firms in Rivers State. International Journal of Social Sciences and Management Research, 6(3), 9-21. https://iiardjournals.org/get/IJSSMR/VOL.%206%20NO.%203%202020/Employee%20Demographic%20Factors.pdf
Aktan, O., & Toraman, Ç. (2022). The relationship between Technostress levels and job satisfaction of Teachers within the COVID-19 period. Education and Information Technologies, 27(7), 10429-10453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11027-2
Aytac, T. (2020). The effects of working in public or private schools on job satisfaction of teachers in Turkey: A meta-analysis study. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 20(89), 179-200. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ejer/issue/57497/815886
Brunelle, E., & Fortin, J. A. (2021). Distance makes the heart grow fonder: An examination of teleworkers’ and office workers’ job satisfaction through the lens of self-determination theory. Sage Open, 11(1), 2158244020985516. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020985516
Buntaran, F. A. A., Andika, D., & Alfiyana, V. Y. (2019). Impact of job satisfaction on job performance. Review of Behavioral Aspect in Organizations and Society, 1(2), 121-128. https://doi.org/10.32770/rbaos.vol1121-128
Burhan, Mirayanti, Marzuki, Saugadi, & Rusdin, D. (2024). Redefining rural education: exploring EFL teachers’ perceptions and recommendations for enhanced human resource management practices. Cogent Education, 11(1), 2317503. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2024.2317503
Caredo, D. T., Pomida, A. M., Paradero, A. L., & Casinillo, L. F. (2022). Modeling employee retention amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: An econometric approach. Recoletos Multidisciplinary Research Journal, 10(1), 115-129. https://doi.org/10.32871/rmrj2210.01.09
Carver-Thomas, D., & Darling-Hammond, L. (2019). The trouble with teacher turnover: How teacher attrition affects students and schools. Education policy analysis archives, 27(36). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1213629
Casinillo, E. L., Casinillo, L., & Paradero, A. L. (2022). On Modeling Work Experiences and Their Influencing Factors among Employees in a University. Review of Socio-Economic Research and Development Studies (2022), 6(1), 39-56. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6991452
Casinillo, L. F., Hungo, M., & Hermano, R. (2024). Predictors of students’ SQ3R in Learning Statistics During Distance Education: an Ordinal Logit Modeling. JPI (Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia), 13(1). https://ejournal.undiksha.ac.id/index.php/JPI/article/view/69445
Chen, H. M., Liu, C. C., Yang, S. Y., Wang, Y. R., & Hsieh, P. L. (2021). Factors related to care competence, workplace stress, and intention to stay among novice nurses during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), 2122. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18042122
Courtois, A., & Sautier, M. (2022). Academic Brexodus? Brexit and the dynamics of mobility and immobility among the precarious research workforce. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 43(4), 639-657. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2022.2042195
Datnow, A. (2020). The role of teachers in educational reform: A 20-year perspective. Journal of Educational Change, 21(3), 431-441. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10833-020-09372-5
Demır, S. (2020). The role of self-efficacy in job satisfaction, organizational commitment, motivation and job involvement. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 20(85), 205-224. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/ejer/issue/52308/686061
Dhir, S., Dutta, T., & Ghosh, P. (2020). Linking employee loyalty with job satisfaction using PLS–SEM modelling. Personnel Review, 49(8), 1695-1711. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/PR-03-2019-0107/full/html
Edinsel, S., & Kara, K. (2023). Unveiling the Pathway to Retention: Exploring the Mediating Role of Career Satisfaction between Career Adaptability and Turnover Intention among Private School Teachers. Türk Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 4(1), 57-69. https://www.sakajournals.org/ojs/index.php/tjmer/article/view/84
Ewane, E. B. (2022). Teacher’s Job Satisfaction and Commitment of Tombel Subdivision, Cameroon: A Comparative Analysis between Private and Public Schools. Asian J. Educ. Soc. Stud, 35(4), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.9734/AJESS/2022/v35i4761
Fan, L., & Babiarz, P. (2019). The determinants of subjective financial satisfaction and the moderating roles of gender and marital status. Family and Consumer Sciences Research Journal, 47(3), 237-259. https://doi.org/10.1111/fcsr.12297
Gill, A. A., Ansari, R. H., & Tufail, M. W. (2021). Nexus among trust, job satisfaction, and affective organizational commitment: a developing country perspective. Review of Education, Administration & LAW, 4(1), 67-78. https://doi.org/10.47067/real.v4i1.112
Groening, C., & Binnewies, C. (2019). “Achievement unlocked!”-The impact of digital achievements as a gamification element on motivation and performance. Computers in Human Behavior, 97, 151-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.02.026
House, S., Crandell, J., Miller, M., & Stucky, C. (2022, November). The impact of professional role and demographic characteristics on job satisfaction and retention among healthcare professionals in a military hospital. In Nursing Forum (Vol. 57, No. 6, pp. 1034-1043). https://doi.org/10.1111/nuf.12777
Hungo, M. O., Casinillo, L. F., Jacobe, G., Getes, J., Jusay, P. J. M., & Bagtindon, R. (2024). Factors affecting the Academic Performance of Elementary Learners under Nuclear, Extended, and Single Families. Canadian Journal of Family and Youth/Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse, 16(3), 92-114. https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/cjfy/index.php/cjfy/article/view/30040
Irabor, I. E., & Okolie, U. C. (2019). A review of employees’ job satisfaction and its affect on their retention. Annals of Spiru Haret University. Economic Series, 19(2), 93-114. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=881121
Irfan, M., Khalid, R. A., Kaka Khel, S. S. U. H., Maqsoom, A., & Sherani, I. K. (2023). Impact of work–life balance with the role of organizational support and job burnout on project performance. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 30(1), 154-171. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/ECAM-04-2021-0316/full/html
Joanna, W., & Jerzy, K. (2020). Conceptualizing job satisfaction and its determinants: A systematic literature review. Экономическая социология, 21(5), 138-167. https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/conceptualizing-job-satisfaction-and-its-determinants-a-systematic-literature-review
Johnson, K. R., Park, S., & Chaudhuri, S. (2020). Mindfulness training in the workplace: Exploring its scope and outcomes. European Journal of Training and Development, 44(4/5), 341-354. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EJTD-09-2019-0156/full/html
Kelly, N., Cespedes, M., Clarà, M., & Danaher, P. A. (2019). Early career teachers' intentions to leave the profession: The complex relationships among preservice education, early career support, and job satisfaction. Australian Journal of Teacher Education (Online), 44(3), 93-113. https://search.informit.org/doi/abs/10.3316/ielapa.289897471651662
Koerber, N., Marquez-Mendez, M., Mensah, A., Fasching-Varner, K., & Schrader, P. G. (2023). Sustaining teacher needs: A systematic narrative review exploring teacher retention, attrition, and motivation. Literature Reviews in Education and Human Services, 2(2), 1-20. https://www.tamuc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/Sustaining-Teacher-Needs.pdf
Lantican, M. L. Q. (2021). Modeling Workload, Job Satisfaction, Work Stress and Organizational Commitment on Turnover Intention: Evidence from Hospitality Management Educators. Journal of Human Resource and Sustainability Studies, 9(3), 439-450. https://doi.org/10.4236/jhrss.2021.93028
Li, J., Yang, H., Weng, Q., & Zhu, L. (2023). How different forms of job crafting relate to job satisfaction: The role of person-job fit and age. Current Psychology, 42(13), 11155-11169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02390-3
Lin, C. Y., Huang, C. K., Li, H. X., Chang, T. W., & Hsu, Y. C. (2022). Will they stay or leave? Interplay of organizational learning culture and workplace mindfulness on job satisfaction and turnover intentions. Public Personnel Management, 51(1), 24-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091026021991581
Lucia, C., & Padgett, M. (2021). Passage through the leadership labyrinth: Women’s journey in the collegiate recreation profession. Recreational Sports Journal, 45(2), 104-116. https://doi.org/10.1177/15588661211024315
Malquisto, I. R., Casinillo, L. F., and Salabao, A. A. (2023). Evaluating the Job Satisfaction of High School Teachers amid the Health Crisis in Ormoc City, Leyte, Philippines. Review of Socio-Economic Research and Development Studies, 7(1), 85-100. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10108983
Nagpaul, T., Leong, C. H., Toh, C. S., Amir, A. B., Chin, R., & Tan, S. (2022). Exploring job satisfaction and intentions to quit among security officers: The role of work hygiene and motivator factors. Social Sciences, 11(11), 497. https://doi.org/10.3390/socsci11110497
Ng, K. A., Trupp, A., & Phongpanichanan, C. (2023). Hospitality graduates’ career intentions during COVID-19: evidence from Malaysia. Journal of Teaching in Travel & Tourism, 23(3), 306-329. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2022.2128984
Onyefulu, C., Madalinska-Michalak, J., & Bavli, B. (2023). Teachers’ motivation to choose teaching and remain in the profession: A comparative mixed methods study in Jamaica, Poland and Turkey. Power and Education, 15(1), 37-65. https://doi.org/10.1177/17577438221109907
Ortan, F., Simut, C., & Simut, R. (2021). Self-efficacy, job satisfaction and teacher well-being in the K-12 educational system. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(23), 12763. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182312763
Padhi, G., & Sahu, A. K. (2020). Factors contributing to teachers’job satisfaction: analysis through principal component analysis. PalArch's Journal of Archaeology of Egypt/Egyptology, 17(7), 7640-7660. https://archives.palarch.nl/index.php/jae/article/view/3389
Pandey, P. K., Pandey, P. K., Mahajan, S., Srivastava, N., & Asif Shah, M. (2024). Examining the impact of parental education and socio-demographic factors on career aspirations in adolescent students in Delhi NCR, India: A cross-sectional study. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2284444. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2023.2284444
Pathan, M. S. K. (2022). The influence of organizational culture on employee commitment and turnover intentions. International Research Journal of Management and Social Sciences, 3(4), 34-43. http://irjmss.com/index.php/irjmss/article/view/57
Perryman, J., & Calvert, G. (2020). What motivates people to teach, and why do they leave? Accountability, performativity and teacher retention. British Journal of Educational Studies, 68(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071005.2019.1589417
Putra, A. S. B., Kusumawati, E. D., & Kartikasari, D. (2024). Unpacking the Roots and Impact of Workplace Well-being: A Literature Review. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Approach Research and Science, 2(01), 312-321. https://doi.org/10.59653/ijmars.v2i01.433
Rasmussen, S., Nätti, J., Larsen, T. P., Ilsøe, A., & Garde, A. H. (2019). Nonstandard employment in the Nordics-toward precarious work?. Nordic journal of working life studies, 9(S6), 7-32. https://doi.org/10.18291/njwls.v9is6.114689
Rogers, M., Dolidze, K., Mus Rasmussen, A., Dovigo, F., & Doan, L. K. (2024). Impacts of managerial systems on early educators' job satisfaction in five countries. Issues in Educational Research, 34(1), 219-234. http://www.iier.org.au/iier34/rogers-abs.html
Sanner‐Stiehr, E., Stevanin, S., Mikkonen, S., & Kvist, T. (2021). Job satisfaction and generational nursing characteristics among registered nurses in the United States, Italy and Finland: Results of a survey study. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(8), 2364-2373. https://doi.org/10.1111/jonm.13397
Sarpong, S. A., Akom, M. S., Kusi-Owusu, E., Ofosua-Adjei, I., & Lee, Y. (2021). The role of commitment in the relationship between components of organizational culture and intention to stay. Sustainability, 13(9), 5151. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095151
Shen, L., Zhu, G., Jean, K. M., Cui, Z., Chen, C., & Xie, M. (2024). Exploring early career physical education teachers’ professional identity construction in rural China: insights from socio-ecological perspective and practice architectures theory. Sport, Education and Society, 29(1), 58-73. https://doi.org/10.1080/13573322.2022.2115995
Sowjanya, M., & Dubey, A. (2024). Deep Learning Sentimental Analysis of Perceived Job Insecurity and its Impact on Workplace Happiness among Indian IT Employees. International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications in Engineering, 12(1s), 663-675. https://www.ijisae.org/index.php/IJISAE/article/view/3501
Sutcher, L., Darling-Hammond, L., & Carver-Thomas, D. (2019). Understanding teacher shortages: An analysis of teacher supply and demand in the United States. Education policy analysis archives, 27(35). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1213618
Toropova, A., Myrberg, E., & Johansson, S. (2021). Teacher job satisfaction: the importance of school working conditions and teacher characteristics. Educational review, 73(1), 71-97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247
Tram, J. M., Nwankwo, N., Khan, A. N., & Sabado, J. A. (2023). Impact of faculty mentoring on ethnic and racial minority student program satisfaction. Scholarship of Teaching and Learning in Psychology, 9(1), 50. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2020-76178-001
Wang, K. L., Johnson, A., Nguyen, H., Goodwin, R. E., & Groth, M. (2020). The changing value of skill utilisation: Interactions with job demands on job satisfaction and absenteeism. Applied Psychology, 69(1), 30-58. https://doi.org/10.1111/apps.12200
Wikhamn, W., Wikhamn, B. R., & Fasth, J. (2022). Employee participation and job satisfaction in SMEs: investigating strategic exploitation and exploration as moderators. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 33(16), 3197-3223. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2021.1910537
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Melbert Hungo, Leomarich Casinillo, Ronel Dagohoy, Eduardo Lleve JR.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Diversitas Journal expresses that the articles are the sole responsibility of the Authors, who are familiar with Brazilian and international legislation.
Articles are peer-reviewed and care should be taken to warn of the possible incidence of plagiarism. However, plagiarism is an indisputable action by the authors.
The violation of copyright is a crime, provided for in article 184 of the Brazilian Penal Code: “Art. 184 Violating copyright and related rights: Penalty - detention, from 3 (three) months to 1 (one) year, or fine. § 1 If the violation consists of total or partial reproduction, for the purpose of direct or indirect profit, by any means or process, of intellectual work, interpretation, performance or phonogram, without the express authorization of the author, the performer, the producer , as the case may be, or whoever represents them: Penalty - imprisonment, from 2 (two) to 4 (four) years, and a fine. ”
.png){kind=logo}
