Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture and Mathematics (STEAM) Education and Students’ Academic Performance at Qingdao Yucai Middle School: A Correlational Study for Curriculum Enhancement Strategies

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v11i3.4168

Keywords:

Academic Performance, Correlational Study, Curriculum Development, Middle School Students, STEAM Education

Abstract

The demand for STEAM skills sets has been driven by evolving industry needs. This study explores the relationship between Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, and Mathematics (STEAM) education, highlighting the Agriculture component and its impact on students’ academic performance at Qingdao Yucai Middle School. This correlational study gathered 384 students, selected through stratified sampling to ensure representative sample. The findings reveal that the student body is predominantly aged 13-15 years, with a slight female majority. Assessments of STEAM education indicate a positive reception, with an overall mean score of 3.78, classified as "Effective." Academic performance across STEAM subjects is generally high, though scores in Agriculture are slightly lower compared to other areas. Additionally, the study found no significant correlation between students' assessments of STEAM education and their academic performance, indicating that perceptions of the curriculum do not necessarily predict academic results. Overall, the findings underscore the effectiveness of the current STEAM education program at Qingdao Yucai Middle School while highlighting areas for potential improvement. The uniformity in educational experience and the lack of significant correlation between curriculum assessment and academic outcomes suggest the need for targeted interventions to further enhance the practical impact of STEAM education.

Author Biographies

Cui Wang, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, Philippines.

0009-0007-1913-3347; Qingdao City University, China. 272963176@qq.com

Rovena Dellova, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, Philippines.

0000-0001-9473-1768; Doctor in Education Management, Lyceum of the Philippines University, Manila, Philippines. rovena.dellova@lpu.edu.ph

References

Byers, T., & Imms, W. (2016). Learning environments that foster collaboration, creativity, and critical thinking: An investigation into STEAM education approaches. Australian Journal of Education, 60(3), 289–307. https://doi.org/10.1177/0004944116662616

China’s State Council. (2020). Five-year plans and educational reforms: Prioritizing STEAM fields for innovation and workforce development. Ministry of Education Press.

Conradty, C., & Bogner, F. X. (2020). STEAM education enhances students’ cognitive skills and academic achievements in science subjects. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 29(2), 193–208. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-019-09809-1

European Commission. (2020). Horizon 2020: The EU framework programme for research and innovation. https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-2020_en

Fan, L., & Yan, Z. (2010). Understanding STEAM education in China: Policy, practice, and outcomes. Chinese Journal of Educational Research, 28(4), 67–85.

Li, X., & Fung, Y. (2017). The role of resource availability in student engagement and learning outcomes. International Journal of Educational Research, 85(2), 112–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijer.2017.07.003

Li, M., & Liu, Y. (2020). The impact of standardized curricula on STEAM education outcomes in China. Journal of Educational Development, 45(1), 89–105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jedudev.2020.04.002

Liu, Y., & Lin, P. (2020). Early engagement in STEAM education: Correlations with increased interest and proficiency in China. International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education, 18(6), 1021–1037. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10763-019-10014-2

Liu, R., & Zhou, X. (2020). Real-world applications in STEAM curricula: Impacts on student motivation and interest. Educational Psychology, 35(3), 278–294. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2019.1649631

Ramya, K., Mani, N., & Karpagam, K. (2023). A study on learning mathematics and its impact on society especially in education and suggested solutions. European Chemical Bulletin, 12(Special Issue 5), 7148–7156.

Mitchell, T. D. (2008). Traditional vs. critical service-learning: Engaging literature to differentiate two models. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning, 14(2), 50–65.

National Science Foundation. (2019). Advancing STEAM education in the United States: Policies and frameworks. NSF Publications.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2023). PISA 2022 results (Volume I): The state of learning and equity in education. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/53f23881-en

Papadopoulou, E. (2024). Advancements in STEAM education for 21st century learners. International Journal of Education, 16(4). https://doi.org/10.5296/ije.v16i4.22270

Sousa, D. A., Pilecki, T., & Dawes, L. (2018). From STEM to STEAM: Using brain-compatible strategies to integrate the arts. Corwin Press. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781483394329

Thompson, B. (2012). Stratified sampling in educational research: Best practices and applications. Journal of Educational Statistics, 19(3), 78–92. https://doi.org/10.3102/1076998601900378

UNESCO. (2017). Education for sustainable development goals: Learning objectives. UNESCO Digital Library.

Wang, L. (2018). Challenges in achieving equitable access to quality STEAM education in China. Asian Journal of Educational Policy, 30(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.1080/16823206.2018.1502934

Wang, Y. (2019). Promoting inclusivity in STEAM education: Strategies and challenges. Educational Review, 71(3), 365–382. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1566218

Wang, J., & Cheng, H. (2021). Gender equality in STEAM education: Analyzing policies and outcomes in China. Gender & Education, 33(5), 588–606. https://doi.org/10.1080/09540253.2020.1739234

Xu, Z., & Wang, Y. (2021). Peer-to-peer teaching in STEAM education: Enhancing collaborative learning and comprehension. International Journal of Educational Technology, 47(2), 98–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2020.1866479

Yang, L. (2021). Constructive feedback in STEAM education: Enhancing student engagement and learning outcomes. Journal of Educational Psychology, 113(4), 589–604. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000593

Zhao, Y. (2016). Challenges and innovations in China’s STEAM education. Asian Journal of Education and Development, 7(1), 25–41. https://doi.org/10.1108/AJED-06-2016-0047

Zhao, Y. (2021). Aligning STEAM education with labor market demands: A policy perspective. Journal of Career and Technical Education, 35(2), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/17439884.2021.1866479

Zhang, H., Li, X., & Zhou, W. (2019). Gender participation and learning outcomes in STEAM education in China. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 56(9), 1203–1220. https://doi.org/10.1002/tea.21698

Zhou, M. (2018). Developing soft skills through STEAM education: A comparative study. Educational Research International, 10(1), 77–95. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4581247

Zhou, X., & Kim, J. (2020). Standardized curricula and their impact on STEAM education quality in China. Journal of Education and Society, 31(4), 123–138. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2020.1812716

Downloads

Published

2026-08-27

How to Cite

Wang, C., & Dellova, R. (2026). Science, Technology, Engineering, Agriculture and Mathematics (STEAM) Education and Students’ Academic Performance at Qingdao Yucai Middle School: A Correlational Study for Curriculum Enhancement Strategies. Diversitas Journal, 11(3), 001–019. https://doi.org/10.48017/dj.v11i3.4168