Identificação da meso e macrofauna edáfica na Reserva Estância São Luiz e uma área sob o cultivo de palma forrageira (Nopalea cochenillifera)

Abstract

The macrofauna is critical in the functioning of the ecosystem, mainly in the cycling of organic matter. The objective of this research descreverne compare the meso-and macrofauna soil in a conservation area and an area under cultivation of palm fodder.  The study was conducted in a palm plantation(Nopalea cochenillifera) and in the Reserva Estância São Luiz-RPPN, in Santana do Ipanema-AL. For the evaluation of the mesofauna, we used the rings for the collection of soil, afterwards placed in the extractor Berlese-Tullgren for 96 hours. In the assessment of the macrofauna, we used traps Provid containing 200mL of a detergent solution(5%)+alcohol(70%), being buried with the edges of the openings at the level of the surface of the soil, remaining 96 hours. Quantity was measured as the total number of organisms and qualitatively, of the diversity. The macrofauna was observed a total of 7.120 insects, in 20 families and 10 orders, especially the orders: Hymenoptera>Diptera and families: Formicidae>Sarcophagidae. The Reserve presented higher Diversity(H’), Dominance(Ds) and Evenness(J”) that the planting area, pointing out the fragility of the soil to human actions. In the evaluation of the mesofauna were found in 62 individuals, and we highlight the orders Acarina and Collembola.