Estudo epidemiológico de Leishmaniose Tegumentar Americana em Alagoas, no período de 2010 à 2018
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.17648/diversitas-journal-v6i2-1550Abstract
ABSTRACT: American Tegumentary Leishmaniasis (ATL) is an infectious and non-contagious disease that affects both man and several species of wild and domestic animals, presenting the clinical cutaneous, mucocutaneous and diffuse cutaneous forms. This study aimed to evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of American tegumentary leishmaniasis in Alagoas, from 2010 to 2018. To this end, a quantitative, descriptive and retrospective study was carried out on the epidemiological profile of the disease, using the National System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) and scientific articles on the topic as the source of the data. The variables verified were: mesoregion, year of diagnosis, clinical form, gender, race/color, age group, area of residence and evolution of cases. During the analyzed period, 498 notifications occurred, 83.13% of which came from eastern Alagoas. The cutaneous clinical form was the one with the highest prevalence (93.1%), and the male gender and brown race/color, presented 66% and 63.6%, respectively. The 20-39 age group was the most affected (27.1%). The disease continues to show an important distribution in the rural area, with 80.3% of cases. Lethality remains low, with 78.5% of patients progressing to the cure. From the data found, it was verified that the epidemiological profile of ATL in Alagoas remains very similar to most studies on the topic. In the last years, despite successive reductions in the number of reported cases, the disease remains endemic in the state, mainly due to risk factors, such as socioeconomic fragility and vulnerable people living in rural areas with inadequate housing. Thus, it is necessary to reinforce the control and preventive measures to avoid an increase of cases in the region.
KEYWORDS: Epidemiology, Leishmania ssp., Cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Copyright (c) 2021 Anderson Peixoto da Silva, Eduardo Bezerra Medeiros, João Lúcio de Morais Gomes Netto, Flaviana Santos Wanderley
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